Glossary “N” Definition of Terms in DataMyte
Nominal
For a product whose size is of concern: the desired mean value for the particular dimension — the target value.
Nominal Chart
A control chart that plots the deviation from the nominal value. Often used when individual samples are taken in short-run, low-volume processes. Allows multiple part numbers manufactured by similar processes to be plotted on the same control charts.
Nonconforming Unit
A sample (part) that has one or more nonconformities, making the sample unacceptable for its intended use. See also Defective Unit.
Nonconformity
A departure of a quality characteristic from its intended level or state. See also Defect.
Nonlinearity (of a measuring instrument)
The deviation of the instrument’s response from linearity.
Normal Distribution
A probability distribution given mathematically by the formula. The normal distribution is a good approximation for a large class of situations. One example is the distribution resulting from the random additions of a large number of small variations. The Central Limit Theorem expresses this for the distribution of means of samples; the distribution of means results from the random additions of a large number of individual measurements, each of which contributes a small variation of its own.
np-Chart
For attribute data: a control chart of the number of defective units in a subgroup. Assumes a constant subgroup size.