The Ultimate Guide to QR Code and QR Scanning

This article will discuss what QR codes are, the different types of QR codes and why they are so important. Read here to learn more!

Last Updated on March 22, 2024 by Ossian Muscad

Like most people, you’re curious as to what a QR code is about. And trust me, you will want to learn more about them, especially since they are handy for both business and personal use! QR codes are quickly becoming one of the most popular forms of marketing and communication. This is because they are simple to create and can store a lot of information.

However, not many people know the significance of QR codes in everyday living, especially in business. This article will discuss QR codes and why they are so important. We will also discuss the different types so that you can learn everything you need to know about them!

 

What is a QR Code?

A QR Code, short for Quick Response Code, is a two-dimensional barcode that can be read using smartphones or dedicated QR reading devices. Unlike a traditional barcode, which stores information in a horizontal direction, a QR code does so in both horizontal and vertical directions, thus allowing for much more data to be encoded.

Originally designed for tracking parts in automobile manufacturing, QR Codes are now used in various industries, including retail, marketing, and ticketing. Their ability to link to digital content on the web and activate several phone functions, such as email, IM, and SMS, makes them a powerful tool in the information age.

QR codes are popular nowadays because of their ease of use—you can store a lot of information in a small space. In addition, nearly everyone has a smartphone these days, so there is no need for special equipment to scan QR codes. A QR code has the capacity to encode up to 2953 bytes of data, 4296 alphanumeric characters, 7089 numeric characters, or 1817 Kanji characters (character set based on JIS X 0208).

 

How Does a QR Code Work?

QR codes operate by utilizing a matrix of squares to encode data within both horizontal and vertical components, enabling the representation of a wide spectrum of information in a condensed format. When a QR code is scanned using a smartphone or a dedicated QR scanner, the device’s camera identifies the code and processes the embedded pattern of squares. This pattern is then decoded by software within the device, which interprets the data encoded within the QR code.

The information can direct the user’s device to perform a variety of actions, such as opening a website, displaying a message, or connecting to a Wi-Fi network, depending on the type of content encoded in the QR code. This seamless process, from scanning to action, is what makes QR codes a versatile tool for instant access to digital content. As long as you have a smartphone and an internet connection, QR codes allow for easy access to information anytime, anywhere.

 

Brief History of the QR Code

QR Codes were invented in 1994 by a company named Denso Wave, a subsidiary of Toyota, for use in their vehicle manufacturing processes. The primary goal was to enable high-speed component scanning, which traditional barcodes couldn’t accommodate. 

Masahiro Hara, a member of the Denso Wave development team, was credited with the invention of the QR code. The name “QR Code” was derived from their purpose – to provide a “Quick Response” to the information they contain when scanned.

In its early years, QR codes were mainly used in industrial manufacturing. However, with the dawn of the smartphone era in the late 2000s, QR codes gained widespread acceptance. They became a bridge between the physical and digital worlds, providing quick and easy access to digital content by scanning the code with a smartphone.

In 2011, QR Codes stepped into social media when Snapchat introduced ‘Snapcodes,’ allowing users to add friends and branded content with a quick scan. In the following years, big tech companies, including Facebook, Spotify, and Pinterest, rolled out their versions.

The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 further pushed QR codes into the limelight. They were used extensively in contact tracing, digital menus in restaurants, and access to health guidelines, highlighting their versatile and contactless nature. From a simple tool for tracking car parts, QR Codes have evolved into a powerful instrument for connecting the physical world to the digital universe.

 

The Purposes of QR Codes

QR Codes have evolved to serve a multitude of purposes, particularly due to their ease of use and the wide range of data they can encode. Here, we outline some significant uses of QR codes that have revolutionized various sectors:

  1. Verify Login Details: In an era where security breaches are commonplace, QR codes serve as an extra layer of protection. They can be used to verify log in details, providing a secure and convenient alternative to traditional username-password combinations.
  2. Authenticate Online Accounts: QR codes are often employed for account authentication. Users can quickly and securely authenticate their online accounts by scanning a QR code, streamlining the process and enhancing security.
  3. Link Directly to Downloadable Content or Apps: QR codes can direct users straight to downloadable content or apps, eliminating the need for manual searches and enhancing the user experience.
  4. Access Wi-Fi by Storing Encryption Keys: Instead of sharing your Wi-Fi password, you can use a QR code that stores the encryption key. Guests can scan the code to connect to your network, maintaining the security of your Wi-Fi.
  5. Pay for Goods/Services Both Digitally or In-Person: QR codes have revolutionized payment systems. Users can scan a code to make in-person or digital payments, making transactions smoother and quicker.
  6. Receive Payment for Goods and Services Provided: Businesses can use QR codes to receive payments, offering customers a convenient, contactless payment option. This simplifies the process and often accelerates the transaction time.
  7. Enhance Customer Engagement: QR codes are an excellent tool for engaging customers in a unique and interactive way. They can be used in marketing campaigns, allowing customers to scan them for more information about a product, access discount codes, or even participate in contests.
  8. Location Sharing: QR codes can also be used to share locations on map applications. By simply scanning the code, the user can be directed to a specific location, which is especially useful for events or storefronts.
  9. Embedding Contact Information: Business cards can feature a QR code that, when scanned, automatically adds all the contact information to the phone’s contact list. This ensures that no data is entered incorrectly and saves time.
  10. Educational Purposes: QR codes can be used in educational settings to provide additional resources, interactive content, and even digital assignments. This enhances the learning experience by integrating technology into the classroom environment.

 

These diverse QR code applications have transformed how we interact with digital platforms, making them an indispensable tool in our digital age.

 

Parts of a QR Code

Before delving into the nitty-gritty of how QR codes work, it’s essential to understand their key components. A QR code comprises several integral parts, each serving a specific purpose in ensuring the code functions correctly. Here, we’ll discuss six key components of a QR code:

  1. Quiet Zone: This is the border that surrounds the QR code. It’s an essential, empty white space that aids scanners in distinguishing the QR code from its surroundings, reducing the risk of misreads caused by visual clutter.
  2. Data Region: This area serves as the heart of the QR code, housing the encoded data. It can include a wide range of information such as URLs, texts, contact details, or any data the QR code intends to convey to users, making it a versatile tool for communication.
  3. Finder Pattern: The distinctive three large squares positioned at the corners of the QR code form the finder pattern. These squares play a crucial role in guiding scanners to locate and identify the QR code accurately, determining its dimensions, orientation, and alignment.
  4. Timing Pattern: Comprising a series of alternating black-and-white modules extending from the finder patterns, the timing pattern acts as a reference for the scanner to gauge the size of each cell within the QR code. This aids in the precise decoding of the encoded data.
  5. Alignment Pattern: Scattered strategically across the QR code, excluding the finder patterns, the alignment patterns consist of smaller square configurations. These patterns contribute to the code’s resilience against distortion or skewing, ensuring readability under various conditions.
  6. Version Information: Embedded within the QR code structure, the version information segment provides details about the QR code’s version, indicating its size and data storage capacity. This information is vital for scanners to interpret and decode the data accurately, enhancing the overall functionality of the QR code system.

 

Different Types of QR Codes

QR codes are incredibly versatile, functioning in various modes to support different data types and applications. From numeric and alphanumeric to byte and even Kanji, the diversity of QR code types enables a wide range of functionalities. Below, we explore each mode in detail to understand their specific capabilities and applications.

Numeric Mode

Numeric Mode is optimized for encoding digits from 0 to 9, making it highly efficient for applications requiring large numerical data storage. This mode can encode up to 7,089 characters, which is ideal for situations like serial numbers, dates, or phone numbers. Numeric Mode is a versatile tool that ensures optimal efficiency in handling a wide range of numerical data, providing a robust solution for various applications.

Alphanumeric Mode

Alphanumeric Mode broadens the horizons by including both digits (0-9) and a set of uppercase letters (A-Z), along with some special characters ($, %, *, +, -, ., /, :). It can encode up to 4,296 characters, making it suitable for URLs, voucher codes, or short messages. This versatility makes it a valuable encoding option for various applications.

Byte Mode

Byte Mode allows encoding data in 8-bit bytes, making it versatile for any data type that can be represented in a binary format, including ASCII and ISO-8859-1 characters. It accommodates different types of content, including binary data and text, with a maximum capacity of 2,953 bytes. This feature makes Byte Mode a robust choice for various applications requiring efficient data encoding.

Kanji Mode

Kanji Mode is specifically designed for encoding characters in the double-byte Kanji character set commonly used in the Japanese language. It can efficiently encode up to 1,817 characters. This mode reduces the space needed for Kanji characters, facilitating the encoding of Japanese texts and information. Implementing Kanji Mode in software applications ensures seamless handling of Japanese content.

Structured Append Mode

Structured Append Mode allows for the splitting of data across multiple QR codes, enabling the encoding of more information than a single QR code could contain. This mode can be used for extensive data that needs to be segmented, such as a lengthy document or an extensive inventory list. It offers a versatile solution for managing and organizing large volumes of information effectively.

FNC1 Mode

FNC1 Mode is used primarily in product supply chains for encoding GS1-compatible barcodes. This mode enables QR codes to function like barcodes, storing product information in a way that’s easily accessible by scanners in retail and logistics, facilitating tracking and management of goods. It plays a crucial role in streamlining inventory processes and ensuring accurate data capture.

 

Different Styles of QR Code

QR codes have evolved into various styles, catering to different needs and industries. Each style of QR code, such as the original QR code, Aztec Code, Maxi Code, PDF417, and Semacode, offers unique features and advantages. Understanding these differences can help in selecting the most suitable style for a particular application or requirement.

QR Code (Original)

The original QR Code is a two-dimensional barcode that was developed in 1994 by Denso Wave, a subsidiary of the Toyota Group. It is designed to store a lot of information in a small space. It is commonly used for a wide range of applications, from marketing and product tracking to personal identification and mobile payment systems. Its high data storage capacity, fast readability, and error correction capability make it vastly popular across various sectors.

Aztec Code

The Aztec Code is a type of 2D barcode first introduced by Andrew Longacre, Jr., and Robert Hussey in 1995. Unlike traditional QR codes, Aztec codes do not require a quiet zone. They are particularly efficient at encoding small amounts of data, making them ideal for applications where space is limited, such as on train tickets or boarding passes. Aztec Codes can still be read even if part of the symbol is damaged.

MaxiCode

MaxiCode is a two-dimensional barcode designed primarily for sorting and tracking parcels and packages. Initially developed by UPS in the mid-1990s, this machine-readable symbol can encode addresses, customer and item identification information, and more. It is distinguished by its hexagonal cells and a central bullseye pattern, which allow for quick orientation and scanning, particularly in high-speed industrial settings.

PDF417

PDF417 is a stacked linear barcode symbol format used in a variety of applications, notably for government-issued identification cards, transport tickets, and inventory management. It can encode texts, numbers, files, and actual data bytes, offering extensive storage capacity and error correction levels to ensure data integrity. “PDF” stands for “Portable Data File,” whereas “417” indicates that each pattern in the code consists of 4 bars and spaces in a pattern that are 17 units long.

Semacode

Semacode is a data matrix-like barcode that encodes Internet URLs in a form easily scanned by a mobile phone’s camera. Introduced in the early 2000s, Semacode was designed primarily for quick access to web content by scanning the code. This makes it particularly useful for advertising, where a simple scan can direct users to a website or app, effectively linking physical ads to digital content.

 

How to Scan a QR Code?

Scanning a QR code is a straightforward process that connects you to a wealth of information, websites, or digital content within seconds. With the ubiquity of smartphones equipped with cameras, this process has become even more accessible to the general public. Here’s a guide to help you successfully scan a QR code using your smartphone:

  1. Open Your Camera App: Unlock your smartphone and open the default Camera app. Most modern smartphones can recognize QR codes natively within the camera function.
  2. Point Your Camera: Direct your phone’s camera at the QR code, ensuring that the entire code is within the camera’s field of view. There’s no need to take a picture; simply holding the camera in front of the code is sufficient.
  3. Click on the Notification: Once your camera app recognizes the QR code, a notification or a link will appear on your screen. Tap on this notification to be redirected to the encoded information, which could be a webpage, an app download, a video, or any digital content.
  4. Troubleshooting: If your camera app does not automatically recognize the QR code, you may need to enable QR code scanning in the settings or download a third-party QR code scanning app. These apps are readily available on both the App Store and Google Play Store.
  5. Success!: Congratulations, you have successfully scanned a QR code! You can now access the information encoded in the QR code and explore its contents. So, next time you come across a QR code, give it a try and see where it takes you!

 

QR Code Use Examples

QR codes have transitioned from an innovative method of data storage to a versatile tool spanning various sectors globally. These compact, scannable symbols facilitate a seamless exchange of information, enhancing efficiency and engagement in both business and public services. Below are several examples showcasing the diverse applications of QR codes across different fields.

QR Codes in Sales Marketing

In sales and marketing, QR codes serve as a dynamic tool to bridge the gap between the physical and digital worlds. Businesses embed these codes in advertisements, product packaging, and point-of-sale displays, directing consumers to detailed product information, promotional offers, or online purchasing options. This not only enriches the customer experience but also provides valuable analytics on consumer behavior to marketers.

QR Codes for COVID Tracing

The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the significance of contact tracing in managing public health crises. QR codes were widely implemented in restaurants, public transportation, and events, enabling visitors to register their presence quickly and privately. This facilitated rapid notification and isolation of individuals exposed to confirmed cases, effectively curbing the virus’s spread.

QR Codes in Industry

QR codes have vast industrial applications, ranging from tracking components during manufacturing processes to managing inventory. They offer a reliable means for identifying products, accessing assembly instructions, or verifying parts throughout the entire supply chain. This enhances operational efficiency, minimizes errors, and supports quality control measures.

QR Codes in Postal Services

Postal and courier services utilize QR codes to streamline package handling and delivery. By scanning a package’s QR code, postal workers can access routing information, delivery status, and recipient details. This technology improves sorting accuracy, tracking capabilities, and customer satisfaction by ensuring timely and informed deliveries.

QR Codes in Education

In the educational sector, QR codes are transforming learning environments by providing easy access to supplemental resources, digital textbooks, and interactive assignments. Whether placed in textbooks, classroom posters, or student ID cards, these codes link to videos, quizzes, and scholarly articles, enriching the educational experience with multimedia content.

QR Codes in Healthcare

QR codes are becoming increasingly valuable in healthcare for patient management, access to health records, and medication tracking. They ensure that medical professionals can quickly access up-to-date patient information, prescription details, and procedural videos, enhancing patient care while maintaining confidentiality and data security.

 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1: Are QR Codes Safe?

QR codes are generally safe to use. However, like any technology, they are not immune to misuse. Cybercriminals have been known to create malicious QR codes, which, when scanned, can lead to harmful websites or even download malware onto your device. This section will cover the safety of QR codes and offer some tips on using them safely.

QR codes in themselves are safe. They are essentially a means to store information compactly and in a machine-readable form. The safety concern arises from what kind of data the code might contain. Malicious QR codes can lead unsuspecting users to risky websites or force download of malicious apps. Therefore, user behavior and awareness play a crucial role in maintaining safety.

Q2: How Can I Protect Myself When Scanning QR Codes?

To protect yourself when scanning QR codes, exercise caution and apply best practices. Firstly, ensure your smartphone has updated security software to detect and block malicious activity. Before scanning, visually inspect the QR code for tampering signs, such as stickers placed over the original code.

Stick to scanning codes from reputable sources, and be wary of random codes in public places. When directed to a website, check the URL for legitimacy, looking for secure connection indicators such as “https://” and the lock symbol. Finally, avoid entering personal information on pages linked from QR codes unless you are certain of their authenticity. By adopting these safety measures, you can enjoy the convenience of QR codes without compromising your security.

Q3: Are QR Codes Only for Use with Smartphones?

QR codes require a device with a camera and software capable of reading them. While smartphones are the most common devices used to scan QR codes, many laptops, tablets, and even some older model phones can read them as well. Most modern-day operating systems have built-in QR code scanning capabilities, so you don’t necessarily need a smartphone to use QR codes.

Q4: Can I Create My Own QR Codes?

Yes, you can create your own QR codes using various free or paid online tools. These tools allow you to generate codes for different types of information, such as website links, contact details, or text messages. You can customize the design and size of the code according to your needs and download it for printing or sharing. However, be cautious when creating codes from unknown sources, as they could potentially contain malicious content. It is always advisable to double-check the QR code’s contents before scanning it.

Q5: Are There Any Other Practical Uses for QR Codes?

Yes, QR codes have various practical uses beyond their popular applications. For example, event organizers can use them for ticketing and registration, businesses can use them for loyalty programs or customer feedback, and tourists can use them for audio tours or information about historical sites. The possibilities are endless, and as technology continues to advance, we will likely see even more innovative uses for QR codes in the future.

Q6: How Can I Learn More About QR Codes?

There are many resources available online to learn more about QR codes, including tutorials, articles, and videos. You can also attend workshops or webinars offered by technology companies or organizations that specialize in QR code technology. As with any technology, the best way to learn is through hands-on experience, so don’t be afraid to start scanning and creating your own QR codes to see their full potential. So, keep exploring and discovering new ways to use these versatile codes!

 

Streamline QR Code Creation and Scanning with DATAMYTE

DATAMYTE is a quality management platform with low-code capabilities. Our Digital Clipboard, in particular, is a low-code workflow automation software that features a workflow, checklist, and smart form builder. This tool lets you create custom-built inspections and checklists that can be accessed from a mobile device with no coding required.

DATAMYTE also lets you conduct layered process audits, a high-frequency evaluation of critical process steps, focusing on areas with the highest failure risk or non-compliance. Conducting LPA with DATAMYTE lets you effectively identify and correct potential defects before they become major quality issues.

With DATAMYTE, you have an all-in-one solution for QR code creation and scanning. Our platform offers a user-friendly interface, advanced security features, and customizable options to meet your specific business needs. Whether you need to create QR codes for inventory management, marketing purposes, or any other use case, DATAMYTE has got you covered. Book a demo now to learn more.

 

Conclusion

QR codes have emerged as a versatile and efficient tool for storing and accessing a wide array of information with a simple scan. While they offer convenience and streamline operations across various sectors, it’s crucial for users to stay alert to the potential risks associated with scanning QR codes from unverified sources. 

By following safety guidelines and using QR code scanners with security features, individuals and businesses can leverage the benefits of QR codes while mitigating the risks. The evolving nature of QR code technology continues to offer promising applications, making it an essential tool in today’s digital world.

 

 

Related Articles: